ÿØÿà JFIF 

  
 
  ÿÛ „ 	 ( %"1!%)+...383,7(-.+




-+++--++++---+-+-----+---------------+---+-++7-----ÿÀ  ß â
" 

ÿÄ   

           
 ÿÄ H 
     
 !1AQaq"‘¡2B±ÁÑð#R“Ò Tbr‚²á3csƒ’ÂñDS¢³$CÿÄ 
 


            
ÿÄ %

 
       
!1AQa"23‘ÿÚ 
  ? ôÿ ¨pŸªáÿ —åYõõ\?àÒü©ŠÄï¨pŸªáÿ —åYõõ\?àÓü©ŠÄá 0Ÿªáÿ Ÿå[úƒ	ú®ði~TÁb
qÐ8OÕpÿ ƒOò¤Oè`–RÂáœá™êi€ßÉ< FtŸI“öÌ8úDf´°å}“¾œ6
öFá°y¥jñÇh†ˆ¢ã/ÃÐ:ªcÈ
"Y¡ðÑl>ÿ ”ÏËte:qž\oäŠe÷󲍷˜HT4&ÿ ÓÐü6ö®¿øþßèô	Ÿ•7Ñi’•j|“ñì>b…þS?*Óôÿ ÓÐü*h¥£ír¶ü UãSç‚Ÿ[AÐaè[ûª•õ&õj?†Éö+EzP—WeÒírJFt	‘BŒ†Ï‡%#tE Øz ¥OÛ«!1›üä±Í™%º<!vB™'èÔ6´Ña¿«e`Àà0U[-ÂБ4)M÷YK*³hï÷%ÎÎkÇ«m‘-íWŽLsã?nÂ~«†üö®þ¡ÂlÃaÿ ‰ÿ l©°Õ¥ åÜá¿r ºL[Çâ°(Çè'Vãôl8´ÏRÀvLvPõ:…ÙNçF™÷ë>Íãö]°î(–:@<‹ŒÊö×òÆt¦ãº+‡¦%ÌÁ²h´OƒJŒtMÜ>ÀÜÊw3
Y´•牋4ǍýʏTì>œú=Íwhyë,¾Ôò×õ¿ßÊa»«þˆѪQ|%6ž™A	õ%:øj<>É—ÿ Å_ˆCbõ¥š±ý¯Ýƒï…¶|RëócÍf溪“t.СøTÿ *Ä¿-{†çàczůŽ_–^XþŒ±miB[X±d 1,é”zEù»&
î9gœf™9Ð'.;—™i}!ôšåîqêÛ٤ёý£½ÆA–àôe"A$˝Úsäÿ 
÷Û	#°xŸëí(l
	 »ý3—¥5m!
rt`†0~'j2(]S¦¦kv,ÚÇl¦øJA£Šƒ
J3E8ÙiŽ:cÉžúeZ°€¯\®kÖ(79«Ž:¯X”¾³Š&¡* ….‰Ž(ÜíŸ2¥ª‡×Hi²TF¤ò[¨íÈRëÉ䢍mgÑ.Ÿ<öäS0í„ǹÁU´f#Vß;Õ–…P@3ío<ä-±»Ž.L|kªÀê›fÂ6@»eu‚|ÓaÞÆŸ…¨ááå>åŠ?cKü6ùTÍÆ”†sĤÚ;H2RÚ†õ\Ö·Ÿn'¾ ñ#ºI¤Å´%çÁ­‚â7›‹qT3Iï¨Ö
Ú5I7Ë!ÅOóŸ¶øÝñØôת¦$Tcö‘[«Ö³šÒ';Aþ ¸èíg
A2Z
"i¸vdÄ÷.iõ®§)¿]¤À†–‡É&ä{V¶iŽ”.Ó×Õÿ û?h¬Mt–íª[ÿ Ñÿ ÌV(í}=ibÔ¡›¥¢±b
 Lô¥‡piη_Z<‡z§èŒ)iÖwiÇ 2hÙ3·=’d÷8éŽ1¦¸c¤µ€7›7Ø	ð\á)}	¹fËí›pAÃL%âc2 í§æQz¿;T8sæ°qø)QFMð‰XŒÂ±
N¢aF¨…8¯!U		Z©RÊ ÖPVÄÀÍin™Ì-GˆªÅËŠ›•zË}º±ŽÍFò¹}Uw×#ä5B¤{î}Ð<ÙD
é©¤&‡ïDbàÁôMÁ."
¤‡ú*õ'VŽ|¼´Úgllº¼klz[Æüï÷Aób‡Eÿ dÑ»Xx9ÃÜ£ÁT/`¼¸vI±Ýµ·Ë‚“G³þ*Ÿû´r|*}<¨îºœ @¦mÄ’M¹”.œ«Y–|6ÏU¤jç¥ÕÞqO
˜kDÆÁ¨5ÿ š;Њ¦¦€GÙk \
	–Þ=â¼=SͧµªS°ÚÍpÜãQűÀõ¬?ÃÁ1Ñ•õZà?hóœ€
L¦l{Y*K˜Ù›zc˜–ˆâø+¾	­-Ök¥%ùEÜA'}ˆ><ÊIè“bpÍ/qÞâvoX€w,\úªò6Z[XdÒæ­@Ö—€$òJí#é>'°Ú
ôª˜<)4ryÙ£|óAÅn5žêŸyÒäMÝ2{"}‰–¤l÷ûWX\l¾Á¸góÉOÔ /óñB¤f¸çñ[.P˜ZsÊË*ßT܈§QN¢’¡¨§V¼(Üù*eÕ“”5T¨‹Âê¥FŒã½Dü[8'Ò¥a…Ú¶k7a
*•›¼'Ò·\8¨ª\@\õ¢¦íq+DÙrmÎ…_ªæ»ŠÓœ¡¯’Ré9MÅ×D™lælffc+ŒÑ,ý™ÿ ¯þǤ=Å’Á7µ÷ÚÛ/“Ü
€ñýã¼àí¾ÕÑ+ƒ,uµMâÀÄbm:ÒÎPæ{˜Gz[ƒ¯«® KHà`ßØŠéí¯P8Aq.C‰ à€kòpj´kN¶qô€…Õ,ÜNŠª-­{Zö’æû44‰sŽè‰îVíRœÕm"
6?³D9¡ÇTíÅꋇ`4«¸ÝÁô ï’ýorqКÇZ«x4Žâéþuïf¹µö[P ,Q£éaX±`PÉÍZ ¸äYúgüAx
’6Lê‚xÝÓ*äQ
Ï’¨hÍ
=²,6ï#rÃ<¯–£»ƒ‹,–ê•€ aÛsñ'%Æ"®ÛüìBᝠHÚ3ß°©$“XnœÖ’î2ËTeûìxîß
¦å¿çÉ
ðK§þ{‘t‚Ϋ¬jéîZ[”š7L¥4VÚCE×]m¤Øy”ä4-dz£œ§¸x.*ã
ÊÊ b÷•h:©‡¦s`BTÁRû¾g⻩‹jø sF¢àJøFl‘È•Xᓁà~*j¯ +(ÚÕ6-£¯÷GŠØy‚<Ç’.F‹Hœw(+)ÜÜâÈzÄäT§FߘãÏ;DmVœ3Àu@mÚüXÝü•3B¨òÌÁÛ<·ÃÜz,Ì@õÅ·d2]ü8s÷IôÞ¯^Ç9¢u„~ëAŸï4«M?
K]­ÅàPl@s_ p:°¬ZR”´›JC[CS.h‹ƒïËœ«Æ]–÷ó‚wR×k7X‰k›‘´ù¦=¡«‰¨¨Â')—71ó’c‡Ðúµ
`é.{§p¹ój\Ž{1h{o±Ý=áUÊïGÖŒõ–-BÄm+AZX¶¡
ïHðæ¥JmÙ;…ä¡Ÿˆ¦ ° äšiÉg«$üMk5¤L“’çÊvïâï	,=f“"íἊ5ô¬x6{ɏžID0e¸vçmi'︧ºð9$ò¹÷*£’9ÿ ²TÔ…×>JV¥}Œ}$p[bÔ®*[jzS*8
”·T›Í–ñUîƒwo$áè=LT™ç—~ô·¤ÈÚ$榍q‰„+´kFm)ž‹©i–ËqÞŠ‰à¶ü( ‚•§ •°ò·‡#5ª•µÊ﯅¡X¨šÁ*F#TXJÊ
ušJVÍ&=iÄs1‚3•'fý§5Ñ<=[íÞ­
PÚ;ѱÌ_~Ä££8rÞ
²w;’hDT°>ÈG¬8Á²ÚzŽ®ò®qZcqJêäÞ-ö[ܘbň±çb“Š¶31²n×iƒðÕ;1¶þÉ
ªX‰,ßqÏ$>•î íZ¥Z 1{ç൵+ƒÕµ¥°T$§K]á»Ûï*·¤tMI’ÂZbŽÕiÒ˜}bÓ0£ª5›¨[5Ž^ÝœWøÂÝh°
¢OWun£¤5 a2Z.G2³YL]jåtì”
ä	ÁÓ‘%"©<ÔúÊ°sº UZvä‡ÄiÆÒM .÷V·™ø#kèýií<NçŽôª¦„lË»{ƒ®<
[¦Y‹éƒ}j•*‚±€I‡e&gbéšp9å^!®€ö?ù^àTzo@Q¨Aêœ& [”…üÔ}пF’Hq‚©´{“ëH·?.½%úå»É Á´9¿¼Ò‰Á¼Ì¥Ús¼zW¶aÃhwÖ…ÑÏ$mò´ë:×Ñγ|”x§
µ0Âз$·aÆn µ†šÇ³£‰Ì®ž
õ@kŽ«gtí䢩ÒP×5¤?µÿ m´Ì^ ‡8¸Á8‹”žÆWÑ ¡™„,Ì“»à‹ÃéV¸®á›ÐÇŽBÀ®Ã…Z”ØÛë8;é|Ñ5)7aÕ&2Ù¸÷©ö—Ð;‡¬7"¿"7M·d
ñœÒÌf5”ê ;"Ãp5¯¬3‹ùJÚÝG›½&¯<{òñKÎÖ“3:¦ÀòGPÅS¨;
à‘Ün´öpð±W)z'¬öÀÖ#Xf2& æ
Œ‹é¾"‹\!Ñ9…
0±2A›*ØMÄ $X
끫ØXÖ,X¥ ô'ËnFÍãlqJXçuaJ4¦„ëµ7ê;h"Zã¾Áä£,vÛ‹’N©E(Öu÷)…ÁaÜÇÔkˆ$‘1kmG¨øtÛ>Ì–ª)µT[)BˆõÑ
xB¾B€ÖT¨.¥~ð@VĶr#¸ü*åZNDŽH;âi 
],©£öØpù(šºãö¼T.uCê•4@ÿ GÕÛ)Cx›®0ø#:ÏðFÒbR\(€€Ä
®fã4Þ‰Fä¯HXƒÅ,†öEÑÔÜ]Öv²?tLÃvBY£ú6Êu5ÅAQ³1‘’¬x–HŒÐ‡ ^	¸KwJôÖŽ5×CÚ¨vÜ«/B0$×k°=ðbÇ(Ï)w±A†Á†	11Í=èQšµ626ŒÜ/`G«µ<}—-Ö7KEHÈÉðóȤmݱû±·ø«Snmá=“ä«šmݱŸ¡¶~ó·“äUóJæúòB|E LêŽy´jDÔ$G¢þÐñ7óR8ýÒ…Ç›	WVe#·Ÿ	p·Fx~•ݤF÷0Èÿ K¯æS<6’¡WШ
;´ÿ ¥Êø\Òuî†åÝ–VNœkÒ7oòX¨Á­Ø÷FÎÑä±g÷ÿ M~Çî=p,X´
ÝÌÚÅ‹
’ÃjÖ.ØöÏñ
qïQ¤ÓZE†° =6·]܈ s¸>v•Ž^Ý\wq9r‰Î\¸¡kURÒ$­*‹Nq?Þª*!sŠÆ:TU_u±T+øX¡
®¹¡,ÄâÃBTsÜ$Ø›4m椴zÜK]’’›Pƒ@€#â˜`é¹=I‡fiV•Ôî“nRm+µFPOhÍ0B£
€+¬5c
v•:P'ÒyÎ ‰V~‚Ó†ÖuókDoh$å\*ö%Ю=£«…aȼ½÷Û.-½VŒŠ¼'lyî±1¬3ó#ÞE¿ÔS¤gV£m›<HqÚ,sVºóÆß¼Hïô…¹…Méi‡Ò" µùEîØÏj|ÓøVOuœ"f’aÞÞëx…˜ÌO`dHHš×4K*H$‡5×
ÚÄ
Â×CUÅAŠŒsr»2°ÄÁiÚ±Çéõe•¶_SÕÆÃ3ˆ•-3´‘¸¡‡cgDîÚ¦ÃcX}'êûJè½9ñìÓ­ä±	×ÓûçÁmO”üVÞ¸÷¥ I~“ÒôhhûýÑwxlïZ¹G¡4ž=”)º£ò
®vÆŽ%UqÝ4qž©­hûÎí‡š§é1R±cÜèðà y' °ôy¦£q§Ýï¬;šÖõ„Sÿ ›  z('S†$Ï}*evÚ¾Kýº8ý
¨å	jÛ]´-‚6«¶ÖK+8ÊiS45jrœèËQDüDØ]R”˜SPÃ
xJÕl>
=§\û"—WU¤ÚǼÿ ÂnÁ
GŒÃ
‚õN	D³õNÚíŒÕ;HôyÄÈ©P¹Ä{:?R‘Ô¨âF÷ø£bÅó® JS|‚R÷ivýáâ€Æé¡è³´IئÑT!§˜•Øª‚¬â@q€wnïCWÄ@JU€ê¯m6]Ï:£âx
'+ÒðXvÓ¦Úm=–´7œ $ì“B£~p%ÕŸUþ« N@¼üï~w˜ñø5®—'Ôe»¤5ã//€ž~‰Tþ›Å7•#¤×Íö
pÄ$ùeåì*«ÓŠEØWEÈsßg¦ûvžSsLpºÊW–âµEWöˬH;™!CYõZÃÄf æ#1W.
\uWâ\,\Çfj’<qTbên›Î[vxx£ë 'ö¨1›˜ÀM¼Pÿ H)ƒêêŒA7s,|F“꺸k³9Ìö*ç®;Ö!Ö$Eiž•¹ÒÚ†ýóéÝû¾ÕS®ó$’NÝäŸz¤5r¦ãÄÃD÷Üø!°ø‡Ô&@m™Ì^Ãä­d	q5Lnÿ N;.6½·N|#ä"1Nƒx“ã<3('&ñß
t  ~ªu”1Tb㫨9ê–›–bìd$ߣ=#ÕãÒmU¯eí$EFù5ýYô櫨æ왍Ǘ±ssM]·á¿
0ÕåJRÓªîiƒ+O58ÖñªŠÒx"	\µâá¨i’¤i
—Ö
”
M+M¤ë9‚‰A¦°Qõ¾ßøK~¼Ã‘g…Ö´~÷Ï[3GUœÒ½#…kàÔ®Ò”‰³·dWV‰IP‰Ú8u¹”E
ÖqLj¾êÕCBš{A^Âß;–¨`¯¬ìö
˼	×tìø.tƐm*n¨y4o&Àx¥n¦×î‡aupáÛj8¿m›è¶ã!o½;ß0y^ý×^EÑ¿ÒjzŒ­)vÚÑnÄL
…^ªô× ‡—‚3k	Îý­hï]içå–îÏ*÷ñþ»Ô
CÒjøjÍznˆ´
¹#b'Fô‹
‰v¥'’à'T´ƒHýÍ%M‰ ƒ&ÆÇŒï1 ‘	–Þ
‰i¬s žR-Ÿ kŠ¬á¬7:þ 0ŒÅÒÕ/aÙ¬ÃÝ#Úøœ
©aiVc‰. ¹¦ãµ”
›Yg¦›ÆÎýº°f³7ƒhá·¸­}&D9¡ÂsÉÙÞèŠõØàC™¨ñbFC|´Ü(ŸƒÚÒ-%»'a	Ì¿)ËÇn¿úÿ ÞŽX…4ÊÅH^ôΑí@ù¹Eh¶“L8Çjù
¼ÎåVªóR©Ï5uÃ
V4lZß®=€xÖŸ–ÑÈ
÷”¨°¾__yM1tÉ?uÆþIkÄgæ@þ[¢†°XÃJ£j·:nkÅ¢u‘}âGzö­/IµèŠ¬¼48q¦F°ŽR¼=ûì{´¯RýicS
ÕÛ íNtÍÙï£,w4rêì®»~x(©Uñ§#Ñ&œÕ¤>ÎåÍÓ9’Ö{9eV­[Öjâ²ãu]˜å2›qÑšÕJç0€sÄ|Êëè0튔bÁ>“{×_F`Ø©ºê:µä,v¤ðfc1±"«ÔÍän1#=·
Âøv~H<Q-Ìk7Æ;•L´©ÙC°.7
¯hKL@ävÊâž$´4¸ð‚¦­R–ÂZ7ÕÃj±·¿rÓrªJ_PÕ.#g¤gÀ)©`ª<KžèÝ'ä©èÒ3rwû€Ø¦ÒƒLf¤
,¿I½{Ƕ8‘$KÝU/Oi>½ÐßA¾¿Ü€Óš]Õ; I¾÷ç‚Qi†î¹9ywÔKG˜áñ zQY—§ÃÕZ07§X‚Áh;ÁM)iÌCH-¯T‘ë|A0{Ò½LÚ–TâÖkÜ’dÀ“rmm»”جPF³ÖcbE§T€ÒxKºû’Ó®7±²(\4ŽÃ¸Uu@j™yĵ;³µ!Á¢b.W¤=mõ´êµKk
¸K^ÜÛ#p*Ü14qkZç5ïë†°5Ï%ÍÛ<Õ¤×Ô¥ê†C	Õ´¼ú$ƒÖ“”]Ù¬qÞÚ[4©ý!ûÏ—Áb쳐XµA¬â~`›Çr¸8ìùÝ䫦<>ä÷«?xs´ÇÑ	/á;¹øüÊÈÙà{"@Žïzâ¬[âß‚ U_<ÇŸ½4èN˜ú61®qŠu ¦þF£»äJ_ˆÙÎ~ ÞAã–Ý„Ï—rŠD;xTž‘ô`É«…suãO`?³à™ô
Lý#Íc5öoæØ‚y´´÷«ZR§<&JÇ+éâô´€i!Àˆ0æAoàðLèÖ-2ŸõW.’t^–(KÁmHµV@xÜÇy®Ñø­â^:Ú3w· 7½¹°ñ¸â¹®:',«Mœ—n­Á+Ãbš
LÈ‘ÄnRÓÅœ%¦²‰¨ùQ:¤f‚ "PÕtô¸…cæl…&˜Ú˜Ôkv‹ž+vŠ,=¢v­6—X
y*¥t£«<™:“aï<QÝ&Ó]i4音äzçáíHÚÕxcòãæäÝÔm퐡 `Â)C×ehÀdHP6ÅMEöZ®Í¨	é¾Tr뢘6*¶;´sÙì]ÊŽŽÛíÉwRÈ´up* Ã	‚m´:Û{·”MUë©õ̤êÔo7:ŽÕ
qÏ'E ˆk^uãT€$Ú$Æ{•ŸBP°al¾Ž©ŒÃ^}äA
,º­$Ü]ºÚ.í:‹¤ÜöXnno7X€¥BÂà ±1ã>Œºîϲ=¦6rO]XI¿Œ÷¤zÚ­›¶ 6÷”w\dü~v®ˆÌk«^m<ÿ ¢‰Õ\)ùºŽ;… lîÙÅEŠ®cѾ@vnMÏ,¼“
ñ•ŽBxðÃzãÇç%3ˆ"}Ù•Åî>
BÉú;Ò]V+P˜F_´ßé>
Øše|ï‡ÄOmFæÇ ãqÞ$/xÐx­z`ï9"œÜij‚!7.\Td…9M‡•iŽ‹¾‘50ÞŽn¥ß4ÉôO¹*í^QêËÜÇÌ8=Ž
§s‰'ÂëÙ«á%Pú[O
†ÅP¯VsŽ°.‰,kc¶ ¬A9n˜XÎ-ÞšN["¹QÕ‰ƒMýÁߺXJæÍaLj¾×Ãmã¾ãÚ uñÒþåQô¦¥
/ÄUx:‚ÍÜ’ Đ©ØÝ3V¨‰ÕnÐ6ó*óúK­«…c ¯U òhsý­jóÔj#,ímŒRµ«lbïUTŒÑ8†Ä0œÏr`ð¡¬É	Ї
ë"À²

™	6¥ f¶¢ÚoܱԷ-<Àî)†a¶ž'Ú»¨TXqØæ¶÷Y
ÄHy˜9ÈIW­YÀuMFë
ºÏ’AqÌ4·/Ú
†ô'i$øä­=Ä
Ý|öK×40è|È6p‘0§)o¥ctî§H+CA-“ xØ|ÐXŠç
l8íºð3Ø:³¤¬KX¯UÿÙ
<?php
/*
 * Copyright 2018 Google LLC
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
 * met:
 *
 *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
 * copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
 * in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
 * distribution.
 *     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
 * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
 * this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
 * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
 * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

namespace Google\ApiCore;

use Google\ApiCore\LongRunning\OperationsClient;
use Google\ApiCore\Middleware\CredentialsWrapperMiddleware;
use Google\ApiCore\Middleware\FixedHeaderMiddleware;
use Google\ApiCore\Middleware\OperationsMiddleware;
use Google\ApiCore\Middleware\OptionsFilterMiddleware;
use Google\ApiCore\Middleware\PagedMiddleware;
use Google\ApiCore\Middleware\RetryMiddleware;
use Google\ApiCore\Options\CallOptions;
use Google\ApiCore\Options\ClientOptions;
use Google\ApiCore\Options\TransportOptions;
use Google\ApiCore\Transport\GrpcFallbackTransport;
use Google\ApiCore\Transport\GrpcTransport;
use Google\ApiCore\Transport\RestTransport;
use Google\ApiCore\Transport\TransportInterface;
use Google\Auth\FetchAuthTokenInterface;
use Google\LongRunning\Operation;
use Google\Protobuf\Internal\Message;
use GuzzleHttp\Promise\PromiseInterface;

/**
 * Common functions used to work with various clients.
 *
 * @internal
 */
trait GapicClientTrait
{
    use ClientOptionsTrait;
    use ValidationTrait {
        ValidationTrait::validate as traitValidate;
    }
    use GrpcSupportTrait;

    private ?TransportInterface $transport = null;
    private ?CredentialsWrapper $credentialsWrapper = null;
    /** @var RetrySettings[] $retrySettings */
    private array $retrySettings = [];
    private string $serviceName = '';
    private array $agentHeader = [];
    private array $descriptors = [];
    /** @var array<callable> $middlewareCallables */
    private array $middlewareCallables = [];
    private array $transportCallMethods = [
        Call::UNARY_CALL => 'startUnaryCall',
        Call::BIDI_STREAMING_CALL => 'startBidiStreamingCall',
        Call::CLIENT_STREAMING_CALL => 'startClientStreamingCall',
        Call::SERVER_STREAMING_CALL => 'startServerStreamingCall',
    ];
    private bool $backwardsCompatibilityMode;

    /**
     * Add a middleware to the call stack by providing a callable which will be
     * invoked at the start of each call, and will return an instance of
     * {@see MiddlewareInterface} when invoked.
     *
     * The callable must have the following method signature:
     *
     *     callable(MiddlewareInterface): MiddlewareInterface
     *
     * An implementation may look something like this:
     * ```
     * $client->addMiddleware(function (MiddlewareInterface $handler) {
     *     return new class ($handler) implements MiddlewareInterface {
     *         public function __construct(private MiddlewareInterface $handler) {
     *         }
     *
     *         public function __invoke(Call $call, array $options) {
     *             // modify call and options (pre-request)
     *             $response = ($this->handler)($call, $options);
     *             // modify the response (post-request)
     *             return $response;
     *         }
     *     };
     * });
     * ```
     *
     * @param callable $middlewareCallable A callable which returns an instance
     *                 of {@see MiddlewareInterface} when invoked with a
     *                 MiddlewareInterface instance as its first argument.
     * @return void
     */
    public function addMiddleware(callable $middlewareCallable): void
    {
        $this->middlewareCallables[] = $middlewareCallable;
    }

    /**
     * Initiates an orderly shutdown in which preexisting calls continue but new
     * calls are immediately cancelled.
     *
     * @experimental
     */
    public function close()
    {
        $this->transport->close();
    }

    /**
     * Get the transport for the client. This method is protected to support
     * use by customized clients.
     *
     * @access private
     * @return TransportInterface
     */
    protected function getTransport()
    {
        return $this->transport;
    }

    /**
     * Get the credentials for the client. This method is protected to support
     * use by customized clients.
     *
     * @access private
     * @return CredentialsWrapper
     */
    protected function getCredentialsWrapper()
    {
        return $this->credentialsWrapper;
    }

    /**
     * Configures the GAPIC client based on an array of options.
     *
     * @param array $options {
     *     An array of required and optional arguments.
     *
     *     @type string $apiEndpoint
     *           The address of the API remote host, for example "example.googleapis.com. May also
     *           include the port, for example "example.googleapis.com:443"
     *     @type bool $disableRetries
     *           Determines whether or not retries defined by the client configuration should be
     *           disabled. Defaults to `false`.
     *     @type string|array $clientConfig
     *           Client method configuration, including retry settings. This option can be either a
     *           path to a JSON file, or a PHP array containing the decoded JSON data.
     *           By default this settings points to the default client config file, which is provided
     *           in the resources folder.
     *     @type string|array|FetchAuthTokenInterface|CredentialsWrapper $credentials
     *           The credentials to be used by the client to authorize API calls. This option
     *           accepts either a path to a credentials file, or a decoded credentials file as a
     *           PHP array.
     *           *Advanced usage*: In addition, this option can also accept a pre-constructed
     *           \Google\Auth\FetchAuthTokenInterface object or \Google\ApiCore\CredentialsWrapper
     *           object. Note that when one of these objects are provided, any settings in
     *           $authConfig will be ignored.
     *     @type array $credentialsConfig
     *           Options used to configure credentials, including auth token caching, for the client.
     *           For a full list of supporting configuration options, see
     *           \Google\ApiCore\CredentialsWrapper::build.
     *     @type string|TransportInterface $transport
     *           The transport used for executing network requests. May be either the string `rest`,
     *           `grpc`, or 'grpc-fallback'. Defaults to `grpc` if gRPC support is detected on the system.
     *           *Advanced usage*: Additionally, it is possible to pass in an already instantiated
     *           TransportInterface object. Note that when this objects is provided, any settings in
     *           $transportConfig, and any `$apiEndpoint` setting, will be ignored.
     *     @type array $transportConfig
     *           Configuration options that will be used to construct the transport. Options for
     *           each supported transport type should be passed in a key for that transport. For
     *           example:
     *           $transportConfig = [
     *               'grpc' => [...],
     *               'rest' => [...],
     *               'grpc-fallback' => [...],
     *           ];
     *           See the GrpcTransport::build and RestTransport::build
     *           methods for the supported options.
     *     @type string $versionFile
     *           The path to a file which contains the current version of the client.
     *     @type string $descriptorsConfigPath
     *           The path to a descriptor configuration file.
     *     @type string $serviceName
     *           The name of the service.
     *     @type string $libName
     *           The name of the client application.
     *     @type string $libVersion
     *           The version of the client application.
     *     @type string $gapicVersion
     *           The code generator version of the GAPIC library.
     *     @type callable $clientCertSource
     *           A callable which returns the client cert as a string.
     * }
     * @throws ValidationException
     */
    private function setClientOptions(array $options)
    {
        // serviceAddress is now deprecated and acts as an alias for apiEndpoint
        if (isset($options['serviceAddress'])) {
            $options['apiEndpoint'] = $this->pluck('serviceAddress', $options, false);
        }
        $this->validateNotNull($options, [
            'apiEndpoint',
            'serviceName',
            'descriptorsConfigPath',
            'clientConfig',
            'disableRetries',
            'credentialsConfig',
            'transportConfig',
        ]);
        $this->traitValidate($options, [
            'credentials',
            'transport',
            'gapicVersion',
            'libName',
            'libVersion',
        ]);
        if ($this->isBackwardsCompatibilityMode()) {
            if (is_string($options['clientConfig'])) {
                // perform validation for V1 surfaces which is done in the
                // ClientOptions class for v2 surfaces.
                $options['clientConfig'] = json_decode(
                    file_get_contents($options['clientConfig']),
                    true
                );
                self::validateFileExists($options['descriptorsConfigPath']);
            }
        } else {
            // cast to ClientOptions for new surfaces only
            $options = new ClientOptions($options);
        }
        $this->serviceName = $options['serviceName'];
        $this->retrySettings = RetrySettings::load(
            $this->serviceName,
            $options['clientConfig'],
            $options['disableRetries']
        );

        $headerInfo = [
            'libName' => $options['libName'],
            'libVersion' => $options['libVersion'],
            'gapicVersion' => $options['gapicVersion'],
        ];
        // Edge case: If the client has the gRPC extension installed, but is
        // a REST-only library, then the grpcVersion header should not be set.
        if ($this->transport instanceof GrpcTransport) {
            $headerInfo['grpcVersion'] = phpversion('grpc');
        } elseif ($this->transport instanceof RestTransport
            || $this->transport instanceof GrpcFallbackTransport) {
            $headerInfo['restVersion'] = Version::getApiCoreVersion();
        }
        $this->agentHeader = AgentHeader::buildAgentHeader($headerInfo);

        // Set "client_library_name" depending on client library surface being used
        $userAgentHeader = sprintf(
            'gcloud-php-%s/%s',
            $this->isBackwardsCompatibilityMode() ? 'legacy' : 'new',
            $options['gapicVersion']
        );
        $this->agentHeader['User-Agent'] = [$userAgentHeader];

        self::validateFileExists($options['descriptorsConfigPath']);

        $descriptors = require($options['descriptorsConfigPath']);
        $this->descriptors = $descriptors['interfaces'][$this->serviceName];

        $this->credentialsWrapper = $this->createCredentialsWrapper(
            $options['credentials'],
            $options['credentialsConfig'],
            $options['universeDomain']
        );

        $transport = $options['transport'] ?: self::defaultTransport();
        $this->transport = $transport instanceof TransportInterface
            ? $transport
            : $this->createTransport(
                $options['apiEndpoint'],
                $transport,
                $options['transportConfig'],
                $options['clientCertSource']
            );
    }

    /**
     * @param string $apiEndpoint
     * @param string $transport
     * @param TransportOptions|array $transportConfig
     * @param callable $clientCertSource
     * @return TransportInterface
     * @throws ValidationException
     */
    private function createTransport(
        string $apiEndpoint,
        $transport,
        $transportConfig,
        ?callable $clientCertSource = null
    ) {
        if (!is_string($transport)) {
            throw new ValidationException(
                "'transport' must be a string, instead got:" .
                print_r($transport, true)
            );
        }
        $supportedTransports = self::supportedTransports();
        if (!in_array($transport, $supportedTransports)) {
            throw new ValidationException(sprintf(
                'Unexpected transport option "%s". Supported transports: %s',
                $transport,
                implode(', ', $supportedTransports)
            ));
        }
        $configForSpecifiedTransport = $transportConfig[$transport] ?? [];
        if (is_array($configForSpecifiedTransport)) {
            $configForSpecifiedTransport['clientCertSource'] = $clientCertSource;
        } else {
            $configForSpecifiedTransport->setClientCertSource($clientCertSource);
            $configForSpecifiedTransport = $configForSpecifiedTransport->toArray();
        }
        switch ($transport) {
            case 'grpc':
                // Setting the user agent for gRPC requires special handling
                if (isset($this->agentHeader['User-Agent'])) {
                    if ($configForSpecifiedTransport['stubOpts']['grpc.primary_user_agent'] ??= '') {
                        $configForSpecifiedTransport['stubOpts']['grpc.primary_user_agent'] .= ' ';
                    }
                    $configForSpecifiedTransport['stubOpts']['grpc.primary_user_agent'] .=
                        $this->agentHeader['User-Agent'][0];
                }
                return GrpcTransport::build($apiEndpoint, $configForSpecifiedTransport);
            case 'grpc-fallback':
                return GrpcFallbackTransport::build($apiEndpoint, $configForSpecifiedTransport);
            case 'rest':
                if (!isset($configForSpecifiedTransport['restClientConfigPath'])) {
                    throw new ValidationException(
                        "The 'restClientConfigPath' config is required for 'rest' transport."
                    );
                }
                $restConfigPath = $configForSpecifiedTransport['restClientConfigPath'];
                return RestTransport::build($apiEndpoint, $restConfigPath, $configForSpecifiedTransport);
            default:
                throw new ValidationException(
                    "Unexpected 'transport' option: $transport. " .
                    "Supported values: ['grpc', 'rest', 'grpc-fallback']"
                );
        }
    }

    /**
     * @param array $options
     * @return OperationsClient
     */
    private function createOperationsClient(array $options)
    {
        $this->pluckArray([
            'serviceName',
            'clientConfig',
            'descriptorsConfigPath',
        ], $options);

        // User-supplied operations client
        if ($operationsClient = $this->pluck('operationsClient', $options, false)) {
            return $operationsClient;
        }

        // operationsClientClass option
        $operationsClientClass = $this->pluck('operationsClientClass', $options, false)
            ?: OperationsCLient::class;
        return new $operationsClientClass($options);
    }

    /**
     * @return string
     */
    private static function defaultTransport()
    {
        return self::getGrpcDependencyStatus()
            ? 'grpc'
            : 'rest';
    }

    private function validateCallConfig(string $methodName)
    {
        // Ensure a method descriptor exists for the target method.
        if (!isset($this->descriptors[$methodName])) {
            throw new ValidationException("Requested method '$methodName' does not exist in descriptor configuration.");
        }
        $methodDescriptors = $this->descriptors[$methodName];

        // Ensure required descriptor configuration exists.
        if (!isset($methodDescriptors['callType'])) {
            throw new ValidationException("Requested method '$methodName' does not have a callType " .
                'in descriptor configuration.');
        }
        $callType = $methodDescriptors['callType'];

        // Validate various callType specific configurations.
        if ($callType == Call::LONGRUNNING_CALL) {
            if (!isset($methodDescriptors['longRunning'])) {
                throw new ValidationException("Requested method '$methodName' does not have a longRunning config " .
                    'in descriptor configuration.');
            }
            // @TODO: check if the client implements `OperationsClientInterface` instead
            if (!method_exists($this, 'getOperationsClient')) {
                throw new ValidationException('Client missing required getOperationsClient ' .
                    "for longrunning call '$methodName'");
            }
        } elseif ($callType == Call::PAGINATED_CALL) {
            if (!isset($methodDescriptors['pageStreaming'])) {
                throw new ValidationException("Requested method '$methodName' with callType PAGINATED_CALL does not " .
                    'have a pageStreaming in descriptor configuration.');
            }
        }

        // LRO are either Standard LRO response type or custom, which are handled by
        // startOperationCall, so no need to validate responseType for those callType.
        if ($callType != Call::LONGRUNNING_CALL) {
            if (!isset($methodDescriptors['responseType'])) {
                throw new ValidationException("Requested method '$methodName' does not have a responseType " .
                    'in descriptor configuration.');
            }
        }

        return $methodDescriptors;
    }

    /**
     * @param string $methodName
     * @param Message $request
     * @param array $optionalArgs {
     *     Call Options
     *
     *     @type array $headers                     [optional] key-value array containing headers
     *     @type int $timeoutMillis                 [optional] the timeout in milliseconds for the call
     *     @type array $transportOptions            [optional] transport-specific call options
     *     @type RetrySettings|array $retrySettings [optional] A retry settings override for the call.
     * }
     *
     * @experimental
     *
     * @return PromiseInterface
     */
    private function startAsyncCall(
        string $methodName,
        Message $request,
        array $optionalArgs = []
    ) {
        // Convert method name to the UpperCamelCase of RPC names from lowerCamelCase of GAPIC method names
        // in order to find the method in the descriptor config.
        $methodName = ucfirst($methodName);
        $methodDescriptors = $this->validateCallConfig($methodName);

        $callType = $methodDescriptors['callType'];

        switch ($callType) {
            case Call::PAGINATED_CALL:
                return $this->getPagedListResponseAsync(
                    $methodName,
                    $optionalArgs,
                    $methodDescriptors['responseType'],
                    $request,
                    $methodDescriptors['interfaceOverride'] ?? $this->serviceName
                );
            case Call::SERVER_STREAMING_CALL:
            case Call::CLIENT_STREAMING_CALL:
            case Call::BIDI_STREAMING_CALL:
                throw new ValidationException("Call type '$callType' of requested method " .
                    "'$methodName' is not supported for async execution.");
        }

        return $this->startApiCall($methodName, $request, $optionalArgs);
    }

    /**
     * @param string $methodName
     * @param Message $request
     * @param array $optionalArgs {
     *     Call Options
     *
     *     @type array $headers [optional] key-value array containing headers
     *     @type int $timeoutMillis [optional] the timeout in milliseconds for the call
     *     @type array $transportOptions [optional] transport-specific call options
     *     @type RetrySettings|array $retrySettings [optional] A retry settings
     *           override for the call.
     * }
     *
     * @experimental
     *
     * @return PromiseInterface|PagedListResponse|BidiStream|ClientStream|ServerStream
     */
    private function startApiCall(
        string $methodName,
        ?Message $request = null,
        array $optionalArgs = []
    ) {
        $methodDescriptors =$this->validateCallConfig($methodName);
        $callType = $methodDescriptors['callType'];

        // Prepare request-based headers, merge with user-provided headers,
        // which take precedence.
        $headerParams = $methodDescriptors['headerParams'] ?? [];
        $requestHeaders = $this->buildRequestParamsHeader($headerParams, $request);
        $optionalArgs['headers'] = array_merge($requestHeaders, $optionalArgs['headers'] ?? []);

        // Default the interface name, if not set, to the client's protobuf service name.
        $interfaceName = $methodDescriptors['interfaceOverride'] ?? $this->serviceName;

        // Handle call based on call type configured in the method descriptor config.
        if ($callType == Call::LONGRUNNING_CALL) {
            return $this->startOperationsCall(
                $methodName,
                $optionalArgs,
                $request,
                $this->getOperationsClient(),
                $interfaceName,
                // Custom operations will define their own operation response type, whereas standard
                // LRO defaults to the same type.
                $methodDescriptors['responseType'] ?? null
            );
        }

        // Fully-qualified name of the response message PHP class.
        $decodeType = $methodDescriptors['responseType'];

        if ($callType == Call::PAGINATED_CALL) {
            return $this->getPagedListResponse($methodName, $optionalArgs, $decodeType, $request, $interfaceName);
        }

        // Unary, and all Streaming types handled by startCall.
        return $this->startCall($methodName, $decodeType, $optionalArgs, $request, $callType, $interfaceName);
    }

    /**
     * @param string $methodName
     * @param string $decodeType
     * @param array $optionalArgs {
     *     Call Options
     *
     *     @type array $headers [optional] key-value array containing headers
     *     @type int $timeoutMillis [optional] the timeout in milliseconds for the call
     *     @type array $transportOptions [optional] transport-specific call options
     *     @type RetrySettings|array $retrySettings [optional] A retry settings
     *           override for the call.
     * }
     * @param Message $request
     * @param int $callType
     * @param string $interfaceName
     *
     * @return PromiseInterface|BidiStream|ClientStream|ServerStream
     */
    private function startCall(
        string $methodName,
        string $decodeType,
        array $optionalArgs = [],
        ?Message $request = null,
        int $callType = Call::UNARY_CALL,
        ?string $interfaceName = null
    ) {
        $optionalArgs = $this->configureCallOptions($optionalArgs);
        $callStack = $this->createCallStack(
            $this->configureCallConstructionOptions($methodName, $optionalArgs)
        );

        $descriptor = $this->descriptors[$methodName]['grpcStreaming'] ?? null;

        $call = new Call(
            $this->buildMethod($interfaceName, $methodName),
            $decodeType,
            $request,
            $descriptor,
            $callType
        );
        switch ($callType) {
            case Call::UNARY_CALL:
                $this->modifyUnaryCallable($callStack);
                break;
            case Call::BIDI_STREAMING_CALL:
            case Call::CLIENT_STREAMING_CALL:
            case Call::SERVER_STREAMING_CALL:
                $this->modifyStreamingCallable($callStack);
                break;
        }

        return $callStack($call, $optionalArgs + array_filter([
            'audience' => self::getDefaultAudience()
        ]));
    }

    /**
     * @param array $callConstructionOptions {
     *     Call Construction Options
     *
     *     @type RetrySettings $retrySettings [optional] A retry settings override
     *           For the call.
     * }
     *
     * @return callable
     */
    private function createCallStack(array $callConstructionOptions)
    {
        $quotaProject = $this->credentialsWrapper->getQuotaProject();
        $fixedHeaders = $this->agentHeader;
        if ($quotaProject) {
            $fixedHeaders += [
                'X-Goog-User-Project' => [$quotaProject]
            ];
        }
        $callStack = function (Call $call, array $options) {
            $startCallMethod = $this->transportCallMethods[$call->getCallType()];
            return $this->transport->$startCallMethod($call, $options);
        };
        $callStack = new CredentialsWrapperMiddleware($callStack, $this->credentialsWrapper);
        $callStack = new FixedHeaderMiddleware($callStack, $fixedHeaders, true);
        $callStack = new RetryMiddleware($callStack, $callConstructionOptions['retrySettings']);
        $callStack = new OptionsFilterMiddleware($callStack, [
            'headers',
            'timeoutMillis',
            'transportOptions',
            'metadataCallback',
            'audience',
            'metadataReturnType'
        ]);

        foreach (\array_reverse($this->middlewareCallables) as $fn) {
            /** @var MiddlewareInterface $callStack */
            $callStack = $fn($callStack);
        }

        return $callStack;
    }

    /**
     * @param string $methodName
     * @param array $optionalArgs {
     *     Optional arguments
     *
     *     @type RetrySettings|array $retrySettings [optional] A retry settings
     *           override for the call.
     * }
     *
     * @return array
     */
    private function configureCallConstructionOptions(string $methodName, array $optionalArgs)
    {
        $retrySettings = $this->retrySettings[$methodName];
        // Allow for retry settings to be changed at call time
        if (isset($optionalArgs['retrySettings'])) {
            if ($optionalArgs['retrySettings'] instanceof RetrySettings) {
                $retrySettings = $optionalArgs['retrySettings'];
            } else {
                $retrySettings = $retrySettings->with(
                    $optionalArgs['retrySettings']
                );
            }
        }
        return [
            'retrySettings' => $retrySettings,
        ];
    }

    /**
     * @return array
     */
    private function configureCallOptions(array $optionalArgs): array
    {
        if ($this->isBackwardsCompatibilityMode()) {
            return $optionalArgs;
        }
        // cast to CallOptions for new surfaces only
        return (new CallOptions($optionalArgs))->toArray();
    }

    /**
     * @param string $methodName
     * @param array $optionalArgs {
     *     Call Options
     *
     *     @type array $headers [optional] key-value array containing headers
     *     @type int $timeoutMillis [optional] the timeout in milliseconds for the call
     *     @type array $transportOptions [optional] transport-specific call options
     * }
     * @param Message $request
     * @param OperationsClient|object $client
     * @param string $interfaceName
     * @param string $operationClass If provided, will be used instead of the default
     *                               operation response class of {@see \Google\LongRunning\Operation}.
     *
     * @return PromiseInterface
     */
    private function startOperationsCall(
        string $methodName,
        array $optionalArgs,
        Message $request,
        $client,
        ?string $interfaceName = null,
        ?string $operationClass = null
    ) {
        $optionalArgs = $this->configureCallOptions($optionalArgs);
        $callStack = $this->createCallStack(
            $this->configureCallConstructionOptions($methodName, $optionalArgs)
        );
        $descriptor = $this->descriptors[$methodName]['longRunning'];
        $metadataReturnType = null;

        // Call the methods supplied in "additionalArgumentMethods" on the request Message object
        // to build the "additionalOperationArguments" option for the operation response.
        if (isset($descriptor['additionalArgumentMethods'])) {
            $additionalArgs = [];
            foreach ($descriptor['additionalArgumentMethods'] as $additionalArgsMethodName) {
                $additionalArgs[] = $request->$additionalArgsMethodName();
            }
            $descriptor['additionalOperationArguments'] = $additionalArgs;
            unset($descriptor['additionalArgumentMethods']);
        }

        if (isset($descriptor['metadataReturnType'])) {
            $metadataReturnType = $descriptor['metadataReturnType'];
        }

        $callStack = new OperationsMiddleware($callStack, $client, $descriptor);

        $call = new Call(
            $this->buildMethod($interfaceName, $methodName),
            $operationClass ?: Operation::class,
            $request,
            [],
            Call::UNARY_CALL
        );

        $this->modifyUnaryCallable($callStack);
        return $callStack($call, $optionalArgs + array_filter([
            'metadataReturnType' => $metadataReturnType,
            'audience' => self::getDefaultAudience()
        ]));
    }

    /**
     * @param string $methodName
     * @param array $optionalArgs
     * @param string $decodeType
     * @param Message $request
     * @param string $interfaceName
     *
     * @return PagedListResponse
     */
    private function getPagedListResponse(
        string $methodName,
        array $optionalArgs,
        string $decodeType,
        Message $request,
        ?string $interfaceName = null
    ) {
        return $this->getPagedListResponseAsync(
            $methodName,
            $optionalArgs,
            $decodeType,
            $request,
            $interfaceName
        )->wait();
    }

    /**
     * @param string $methodName
     * @param array $optionalArgs
     * @param string $decodeType
     * @param Message $request
     * @param string $interfaceName
     *
     * @return PromiseInterface
     */
    private function getPagedListResponseAsync(
        string $methodName,
        array $optionalArgs,
        string $decodeType,
        Message $request,
        ?string $interfaceName = null
    ) {
        $optionalArgs = $this->configureCallOptions($optionalArgs);
        $callStack = $this->createCallStack(
            $this->configureCallConstructionOptions($methodName, $optionalArgs)
        );
        $descriptor = new PageStreamingDescriptor(
            $this->descriptors[$methodName]['pageStreaming']
        );
        $callStack = new PagedMiddleware($callStack, $descriptor);

        $call = new Call(
            $this->buildMethod($interfaceName, $methodName),
            $decodeType,
            $request,
            [],
            Call::UNARY_CALL
        );

        $this->modifyUnaryCallable($callStack);
        return $callStack($call, $optionalArgs + array_filter([
            'audience' => self::getDefaultAudience()
        ]));
    }

    /**
     * @param string $interfaceName
     * @param string $methodName
     *
     * @return string
     */
    private function buildMethod(?string $interfaceName = null, ?string $methodName = null)
    {
        return sprintf(
            '%s/%s',
            $interfaceName ?: $this->serviceName,
            $methodName
        );
    }

    /**
     * @param array $headerParams
     * @param Message|null $request
     *
     * @return array
     */
    private function buildRequestParamsHeader(array $headerParams, ?Message $request = null)
    {
        $headers = [];

        // No request message means no request-based headers.
        if (!$request) {
            return $headers;
        }

        foreach ($headerParams as $headerParam) {
            $msg = $request;
            $value = null;
            foreach ($headerParam['fieldAccessors'] as $accessor) {
                $value = $msg->$accessor();

                // In case the field in question is nested in another message,
                // skip the header param when the nested message field is unset.
                $msg = $value;
                if (is_null($msg)) {
                    break;
                }
            }

            $keyName = $headerParam['keyName'];

            // If there are value pattern matchers configured and the target
            // field was set, evaluate the matchers in the order that they were
            // annotated in with last one matching wins.
            $original = $value;
            $matchers = isset($headerParam['matchers']) && !is_null($value) ?
                $headerParam['matchers'] :
                [];
            foreach ($matchers as $matcher) {
                $matches = [];
                if (preg_match($matcher, $original, $matches)) {
                    $value = $matches[$keyName];
                }
            }

            // If there are no matches or the target field was unset, skip this
            // header param.
            if (!$value) {
                continue;
            }

            $headers[$keyName] = $value;
        }

        $requestParams = new RequestParamsHeaderDescriptor($headers);

        return $requestParams->getHeader();
    }

    /**
     * The SERVICE_ADDRESS constant is set by GAPIC clients
     */
    private static function getDefaultAudience()
    {
        if (!defined('self::SERVICE_ADDRESS')) {
            return null;
        }
        return 'https://' . self::SERVICE_ADDRESS . '/'; // @phpstan-ignore-line
    }

    /**
     * Modify the unary callable.
     *
     * @param callable $callable
     * @access private
     */
    protected function modifyUnaryCallable(callable &$callable)
    {
        // Do nothing - this method exists to allow callable modification by partial veneers.
    }

    /**
     * Modify the streaming callable.
     *
     * @param callable $callable
     * @access private
     */
    protected function modifyStreamingCallable(callable &$callable)
    {
        // Do nothing - this method exists to allow callable modification by partial veneers.
    }

    /**
     * @internal
     */
    private function isBackwardsCompatibilityMode(): bool
    {
        return $this->backwardsCompatibilityMode
            ?? $this->backwardsCompatibilityMode = substr(__CLASS__, -11) === 'GapicClient';
    }
}